How to File a Labor Complaint in Saudi Arabia – Complete Guide for Expats and Workers


 

Saudi Arabia has implemented significant reforms in recent years to protect workers' rights, particularly under the Saudi Labor Law. If you're an expatriate or Saudi national facing issues such as unpaid salaries, unfair dismissal, contract violations, or harassment at work, you have the legal right to file a labor complaint.

This guide will walk you through everything you need to know about filing a labor complaint in Saudi Arabia, including when to file, where to submit, the required documents, and how the process works.

Why You Might Need to File a Labor Complaint

Understanding your rights as an employee is essential. The Saudi Ministry of Human Resources and Social Development (MHRSD) ensures that employees are treated fairly. Some of the most common reasons to file a labor complaint in KSA include:

  • Unpaid or delayed salaries

  • End of service benefits not paid

  • Wrongful termination

  • Overworking beyond contract hours

  • Working without Iqama (residency permit) renewal

  • Contract violations

  • Harassment or abuse at the workplace

  • Forcing you to do work not specified in the contract

If your employer fails to resolve such issues internally, you are entitled to escalate the matter legally.

Step-by-Step Guide to Filing a Labor Complaint in Saudi Arabia

✅ Step 1: Try to Resolve Internally

Before lodging a formal complaint, it is advisable to try resolving the issue directly with your employer, HR department, or sponsor. Often, miscommunications or delays can be corrected without legal escalation.

If the problem persists and no resolution is offered, proceed with a formal complaint.

✅ Step 2: File a Complaint Through MHRSD (Ministry of Human Resources)

There are multiple ways to lodge a complaint:

1. Call the Labor Complaint Hotline

You can call 19911 (available in Arabic, English, and other languages). It’s one of the fastest ways to report a serious violation.

2. Use the MHRSD Website

Here’s how:

  1. Visit the official Ministry website: https://hrsd.gov.sa

  2. Choose your language preference.

  3. Go to "Electronic Services" > "Labor Disputes"

  4. Click on "Submit a New Complaint"

  5. Login via Nafath or Absher account.

  6. Fill in the complaint form, including:

    • Your full name and Iqama number

    • Employer's details

    • Description of the issue

    • Supporting documents (salary slips, contract copies, etc.)

You will receive a case number to track the complaint.

3. Use the “Friendly Settlement” Platform

Saudi Arabia uses a “friendly settlement” method to try resolving disputes before they reach court. Here’s how it works:

  1. Go to the friendly settlement portal: https://www.mlsd.gov.sa

  2. Register or log in with Absher/Nafath

  3. Fill in the complaint details and upload evidence

  4. A labor office mediator will attempt to settle the issue between you and your employer

  5. If no agreement is reached within 21 days, the case is automatically escalated to the Labor Court

✅ Step 3: Track Your Complaint Status

You can monitor your complaint status by:

  • Visiting the "Friendly Settlement" page

  • Logging into your account using Nafath/Absher

  • Enter your complaint/case number

  • You will see updates, hearing dates, and case progress

Step 4: Attend the Labor Court (If Necessary)

If the friendly settlement fails, your complaint is forwarded to the Labor Court (also known as the Labor Disputes Committee).

You will be informed of:

  • Court date

  • Time and location

  • Documents you need to bring

During the hearing, you can present your case, evidence, witnesses, and any supporting materials.

What Documents You’ll Need:

  • Valid Iqama

  • Employment contract (in Arabic)

  • Salary slips, bank transfer proof

  • Screenshots or photos (if applicable)

  • Any written communication (emails, messages)

  • Absher employment data (optional)

Note: You do not need a lawyer, but having one can help if your case is complex.

How Long Does the Complaint Process Take?

  • Friendly Settlement Stage: Up to 21 days

  • Labor Court Proceedings: May take 1 to 3 months, depending on the case complexity

  • Some cases (like salary non-payment) are treated as urgent

What Happens After You Win the Case?

If the court rules in your favor, your employer will be legally obliged to:

  • Pay your dues or end-of-service benefits

  • Reimburse unpaid salaries

  • Provide you with final exit or transfer services

  • Pay penalties (in case of serious violations)

If the employer refuses to comply, the Ministry will enforce the decision, which may include freezing their services and blocking their company file.

Can You Still Work or Transfer While the Case Is Ongoing?

Yes. According to Saudi regulations:

  • You can transfer your sponsorship if your employer is violating the contract or salary conditions (after 3 months of non-payment)

  • You can continue working in another job if you meet transfer conditions or obtain court permission

  • You will not be deported while the case is being resolved

Important Tips for Filing a Labor Complaint

  • Always keep copies of your employment contract, salary slips, and communication

  • Be honest and clear in your complaint description

  • Avoid exaggeration; stick to factual evidence

  • Report early before the issue escalates

Real Example: Salary Not Paid for 3 Months

Ahmed, a Filipino worker in Riyadh, didn’t receive his salary for over 3 months. After calling 19911 and submitting a complaint through the MHRSD portal, the case was forwarded to the labor office. Within 2 weeks, his employer was summoned, and a friendly settlement was reached. Ahmed received full payment and transferred to another company with court approval.

Conclusion: Use the System to Protect Your Rights

Saudi Arabia’s labor system is increasingly transparent and digitalized. Filing a labor complaint is your right and is protected under the law. If you're facing mistreatment or contract violations, don’t hesitate to use the proper channels.

Whether you’re an expat cleaner, engineer, teacher, or medical worker — the system is there to support you. Filing a complaint may feel intimidating, but thousands of cases are resolved fairly each year.

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